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Showing posts from September, 2012

Vector Group of Power-Transformer-Winding connection designations

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                             Basic Idea of Winding An ac voltage applied to a coil will induce a voltage in a second coil where the two are linked by a magnetic path. The phase relationship of the two voltages depends upon which ways round the coils are connected. The voltages will either be in-phase or displaced by 180 degree. When 3 coils are used in a 3 phase transformer winding a number of options exist. The coil voltages can be in phase or displaced as above with the coils connected in star or delta and, in the case of a star winding, have the star point (neutral) brought out to an external terminal or not. Six Ways to wire Star Winding : Six Ways to wire Star Winding Six Ways to wire Delta Winding : Six Ways to wire Delta Winding Polarity An AC voltage applied to a coil will induce a voltage in a second coil where the two are linked by a magnetic path. The phase relationship of the two voltages depends upon which way round the coils are connected. The voltages will either be

Smart Grid Technology- A solution to the problems With Today's Electric Grid

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                                Smart Grid Technology What is the Smart Grid? The Smart Grid is a network system that will allow the electric companies, electricity generators (coal plants, wind turbine plants, solar plants, etc.), businesses, houses, etc. be able to communicate back and forth in order to meet the necessary supply and demands of electricity.  This system will help avoid blackouts, reduce our carbon footprint, and save people & businesses money by being able to adjust the amount of electricity they use throughout the day.  This network is made up of hardware, software (data management and storage), and a communication system that ties it all together                                Smart grid technology includes sensors and specialized information communication systems to monitor, adjust, and optimize the flow of power through the electric grid. Ideally, smart grid technology helps utilities to minimize and meet peak demand for electricity. Smart grid technology, suc

Energy efficiency – saving resources.Photovoltaic (solar cell) Systems--home made solar cell step by step

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            Photovoltaic (solar cell) Systems A continuously rising energy demand combined with increasingly limited natural resources are challenging energy suppliers, industry as well as consumers to rethink how we produce and use energy. Energy efficiency, smart energy use, and energy savings are keys to meeting this challenge in a sustainable way. Solar cells convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar cells are often used to power calculators and watches. They are made of semiconducting materials similar to those used in computer chips. When sunlight is absorbed by these materials, the solar energy knocks electrons loose from their atoms, allowing the electrons to flow through the material to produce electricity. This process of converting light (photons) to electricity (voltage) is called the photovoltaic (PV) effect. Solar cells are typically combined into modules that hold about 40 cells; a number of these modules are mounted in PV arrays that can measure up to several me